Manchester United has narrowed the gap with Real Madrid financially over the past year despite their struggles in the Premier League last season.

According to this year’s Deloitte Money League, which uses publicly available accounts to rank the revenues of the biggest clubs, United jumped two places from fourth to second with revenues of £433.2 million. Their growth was partly fuelled by their commercial strategy of selling regional sponsorship categories around the world but also by the Premier League’s broadcasting deals that bring in £5.5 billion over three years.

“Despite a poor on-pitch season in 2013-14, United’s commercial strategy of securing global and regional partners is delivering substantial growth. Commercial revenue has grown 83% in the last three years,” said Austin Houlihan, a senior manager at Deloitte. “Thanks to the latest Premier League media deals, broadcast revenue also increased 34% to £135.8m. Their absence this season from European competition will be felt in next year’s Money League position, but if they can return to the Champions League in 2015-16 there is a strong possibility they could be top in two years’ time.”

Real Madrid, United, Bayern Munich, Barcelona, Paris Saint-Germain, Manchester City, Chelsea, Arsenal, Liverpool and Juventus comprise the top-10.

Borussia Dortmund, AC Milan, Tottenham, Schalke, Atlético Madrid, Napoli, Inter Milan, Galatasary, Newcasle and Everton are ranked 11-20.